What is needed to create a museum. How to open a private museum from scratch: a business plan with calculations

A museum is a special institution where monuments and objects that have their own unique story. Any museum begins with a collection, and the more original it is, the greater the interest in it. The main museum tasks involve constant monitoring and analysis of the work of a particular museum. Modern museum technologies include several components:

• Museum exhibitions require a special approach because they must be properly organized and planned.
• Equipment for storing exhibits.
• Museum climate. When humidity is low or humidity is too high, exhibits become deformed and their value is lost. It is necessary to install all the necessary equipment to prevent this.
• Museum showcases.
• Equipment for restoration.
• Guardians.
• The concept is a document that will show the uniqueness of this institution in modern stage. It consists of three main points: modernization, innovation and preservation of one’s own traditions.

To create a new museum, it is necessary, first of all, to specifically identify its goal; the further development of activities will depend on it. You can combine several purposes, for example, telling the history of your city in a club of like-minded people. Then you need to choose a room where certain exhibitions will be held; it is better if it is a very crowded place, you can save on advertising. An important factor is the choice of working staff (for the good functioning of the museum, at least four workers are needed). It is necessary to organize excursions competently in order to interest large quantity people, and they started bringing their friends here. But excursions alone are not enough; interest in them quickly disappears; it is necessary to hold creative evenings, meetings of like-minded people and various cultural events.

No museum can exist without constant funding. Therefore, it is necessary to find a rich like-minded person to solve this problem. It is necessary to prove the importance of this institution for the benefit of society and then things will go up, increasing profits. To create a museum that will constantly have visitors, you need to have a lot of experience in this field, otherwise it will be a complete fiasco. This should be done by professionals who know how to organize everything correctly and beat the competition. A smart trend in the development of a modern museum is the creation of internal and near museum structures that create a single space. People who visit the establishment should receive general cultural development.

After decades of neglect, the Surkov brewery in the center of Arkhangelsk, founded 100 years ago, has been sold at auction. As a result, the city budget received 34.2 million rubles, and the new owner, the StroyTechnology company, received three emergency buildings of the former brewery and an obligation to use the facility, restored in strict accordance with its historical appearance, only as administrative and commercial premises or for “non-destructive production.”

The building reconstruction project is almost ready. Most likely, another shopping center will open on historical squares. The commercialization of the project is also indicated by the fact that a beer hall has already been opened on the ground floor of the plant. Many historians of Arkhangelsk hoped that the famous building would still be given over to an exhibition that would tell about the history of brewing in the North. By the way, it’s very interesting, because the “secret” of Surkov’s beer has not yet been revealed, and many modern brewers only copy the recipe.

Now the question arises: can an object with a cultural function be attractive for investment? And what is this cultural function- purpose of the building, its age or architectural features? - says Andrei Sokolovsky, co-owner of several interactive art projects. - We are accustomed to a clear division: a library cannot generate income, so it must be on the city’s balance sheet, and a shopping center is a commercial facility, so there is no place for a museum in it.

European trends are such that today museums and libraries are located in shopping centers, and large stores are located in museum complexes. And cultural objects themselves can and should generate income. Only for this you need the right approach.

The average payback period for a new museum is about five years. However, you can earn income much faster if you know some of the secrets of running a museum business.

When it comes to art, creating a quality museum collection requires significant investment. The museum, of course, cannot pay for itself solely through the sale of entrance tickets; its income is hardly enough to provide economic activity, - notes Alexander Gubanov, executive director of the online art auction "ARTLOT 24" in St. Petersburg. - A successful business model of a modern museum involves having its own gallery and infrastructure facilities that provide additional monetization opportunities.

Among the private museums that successfully use a similar model in St. Petersburg, one can highlight the Museum contemporary art Erarta and the Faberge Museum.

Thus, one of the types of additional income can be called the holding of temporary commercial exhibitions by the museum, tickets for which may cost more than for visiting the permanent exhibition of the museum. In addition to exhibitions, the museum may host other third-party events - lectures, master classes, presentations, concerts.

Also, almost every museum has its own “exit through a souvenir shop” - an additional source of income from a museum store that sells themed books, postcards, souvenirs and miniature copies of sculptures. An initiative group of Arkhangelsk search engines decided to follow approximately the same principle of creating a museum. In December, a new “Military Museum” opened in the capital of Pomerania; its exhibits included things found during the expeditions. Visitors can learn about military operations during the Intervention and the Great Patriotic War on the territory of the Arkhangelsk region.

Visitors can also get acquainted with the work of search engines and their unusual finds, says one of the founders of the Military Museum, Alexey Sukhanovsky. - The ticket price is average in this segment - about 300 rubles. All exhibits can be touched with your hands - this is one of the trends to attract visitors in the modern museum business.

Deputy Director for Development of the Art Deco Museum Marina Björnsgård believes that in order to ensure attendance at the exhibition, a number of conditions must be met. Firstly, it should present unique samples, secondly, it should be geographically accessible and, thirdly, provide a high level of communication (excursions and educational projects based on the exposition).

To get people to come to the museum, you need to surprise. Often they try to achieve this using modern lighting or graphic effects. The most promising direction now is interactive museums, where the visitor not only walks through the halls, but also performs some actions himself and interacts with exhibits. This could be, for example, a “fun science museum” or a petting zoo. This idea looks promising for a province that has not yet been spoiled by such entertainment,” notes Oleg Tkach, financial director of the Greenwood trade and exhibition complex.

The Northern Maritime Museum in Arkhangelsk has also thought about how to attract visitors. A renovated building in the city center, new exhibitions and marine theme, it would seem, should attract visitors, and therefore generate income.

We have come to the conclusion that if we do not organize presentations and various events in the museum and do not work with travel agencies or with schools, then the flow of visitors will be very small, not like at shopping centers,” he believes. O. Director of the Northern Maritime Museum Evgeny Tenetov. - I am sure that a museum, even the most modern one, cannot generate income. At best, it can work for zero - earn money for its own development.

According to Tenetov, a museum or art space is always a point of growth for the development of a territory.

As Elena Dmitrieva, head of the Kolomenskaya pastila cultural and production cluster, notes, small towns the emergence of a museum, cultural site stimulates the opening of related businesses, increases the value of real estate, makes it possible to create new products and types of economic offers, the main of which is not knowledge, but impression.

Nowadays, most of the museums opening in the North-West regions are aimed at tourists. These are mainly small exhibitions dedicated to some folk craft, where main role plays interesting story guide and visit to a large souvenir shop.

A good move is to organize a museum in which the historical part is combined with an entertaining one, for example, like in the Museum of Soviet slot machines, - notes the director of the Russian Foundation abstract art Anna Karganova.

Private museums have followed approximately this path and are opening in tourist-attractive areas of the Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions and Karelia. Time will tell whether they will survive, and competent strategic planning can help them with this.

Without knowledge of the past, it is sometimes difficult to build prospects for the future. Therefore, if an enterprise values ​​and honors its development history, then the entire company team deserves great respect. Help preserve the history of the enterprise, as well as reflect it real activity The idea of ​​creating a museum and its further translation into reality will help. As a rule, it is advisable to organize an enterprise museum on the territory of the establishment or near the company’s central office. A corporate museum can serve as an excellent place for conducting excursion programs for employees, trainees, students, and any third parties who are interested in the history and type of activity of the enterprise. In addition, such a museum can be an excellent place for meetings with guests and partners of the company, for negotiations, for presenting awards to distinguished employees, a meeting place for former employees, etc. The enterprise museum is a place that influences the culture and development of the team, taking into account its traditions and historical values.

It is very important that the enterprise museum gradually reflects the main historical milestones of the company's development and gives a clear picture of its activities. Topics corporate museum should be presented in such a way that it is understandable and interesting to visitors of all ages and professions. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to correctly and competently define the main concept of the museum and attract maximum amount experts on the history of the enterprise, its main achievements, etc.

Today, interactive museums are very popular. They allow visitors to not only receive useful information from the guide, but also to interact with the exhibits on display. An interactive corporate museum can become a unique business card not only the enterprise, but also the city, if it is made open and accessible to its residents and visitors.

It should be borne in mind that organizing a new museum is a long and painstaking work many specialists. Enterprises can help create a museum former employees companies, specialists in specific subject areas, partner architects and designers, as well as sponsors of the enterprise.

As a rule, one has to work continuously to create a museum. long years, because history does not stand still. It is important not only to create a museum, but the main thing is to maintain and develop it, reflecting all the important facts from the life of the company at the present stage of development. Otherwise, the relevance of the corporate museum will very quickly decline and lose the interest of visitors.

Keywords: About enterprise museums, preserving the history of an enterprise, an enterprise museum, the concept of a museum, interactive museums, organizing a new museum, important facts from the life of a company, the relevance of a corporate museum

In this material:

Private museums are a promising and interesting direction for organizing your own business. This niche is in stable demand in Russia, especially in cities with developed tourism. How to open your own museum and make money from it? Ready business plan museum will help to understand these issues.

Advantages and disadvantages of opening a museum

Every business has positive and negative sides that an entrepreneur will certainly encounter - the simplicity and complexity of the organization, competition, payback, etc.

Advantages of museum business:

1. Does not require licensing. To open such a business, you do not need to obtain a license to operate. For example, to create a magazine, you need a license from the Ministry of Press. For a museum enterprise such documents are not required.
2. Relevance of the idea. Museums always attract tourists and lovers of antiquity. Among them are large collectors who prefer to book private excursions.
3. Ease of organization. No need to contain large staff employees.
4. Fast payback.

Flaws:

1. Location dependent. If the museum is located far from cultural center city, tourists will not be interested in it.
2. Seasonality. Most of the visitors are tourists from other cities and countries. They usually travel in the summer. There will not be a large flow of visitors in the off-season.
3. Availability of special knowledge. It is important to correctly arrange objects on display so that they complement each other and create a single composition. In addition, special storage conditions must be created for each exhibit - temperature and humidity conditions, and for written sources and paintings - special lighting.
4. Reliable security is necessary - even the largest museums are robbed if they contain items valuable to collectors.

Defining the topic

The choice of topic is determined by a number of factors:

1. The presence or absence of experience in the museum field. If there is no experience, consultations with specialists – professional museum workers and collectors – are necessary.
2. Knowledge of the topic. There is no point in choosing an unfamiliar topic - this is a sure sign of failure. For a project to be successful, an entrepreneur must work with topics familiar to him or gain this knowledge - by reading literature, communicating with colleagues, attending conferences and webinars of professionals.
3. Having our own collections. Most private museums were formed from private collections and gradually expanded. Having your own collection is a big plus. Majority famous museums were formed on the basis of such collections.
4. Competition. All existing museums are potential competitors. The primary task is to lure visitors from them. This will not be easy, but it is quite achievable with the right approach to the project and a good advertising campaign.
5. Tourist attractiveness of the region. For example, creating your own museum enterprise in St. Petersburg or Crimea is much more profitable than somewhere in the outback.

When choosing a topic, it is necessary to take into account all these factors; they are all interconnected and complement each other.

Additionally, it is necessary to conduct an analysis target audience. It will show how visited a museum of a particular topic will be.

Since the primary task of an entrepreneur is to make money from visitors, this factor should be the main one.

After choosing a topic, you need to decide on the type of enterprise.

There are two types of museums:

• closed;
• open air.

Business organization

Registration

Any business must be registered.

There are two registration options:

• entity;
• individual entrepreneur.

Most private museums in Russia are registered as individual entrepreneurs. There is no need to register the status of a legal entity.

To obtain an individual entrepreneur, the following documents are required:

1. Copy of the passport.
2. Receipt for payment of state duty.
3. Application on form P21001.
4. Application to the tax office.

To register an individual entrepreneur you need:

1. Apply. There are two ways - at your place of residence and via the Internet. The second option is the most common.
2. Select OKVED code. This code tells authorities how the species entrepreneurial activity registered.
3. Write an application (form P21001).
4. Pay a state fee of 800 rubles.
5. Register with the tax office.

There are known examples of registering private museums as non-profit associations. This status does not prohibit an entrepreneur from deriving commercial benefits from his activities and gives him the opportunity to receive financial support from the state.

Location and search for premises

The ideal place is the cultural or historical center of the city. The main flow of visitors are tourists. Most of them will not look for a museum on the other side of the city, especially if it has just opened and has not yet gained mass popularity.

Pros of opening a museum in the city center:

• convenient transport interchange;
• higher flow of visitors.

• high rent - you will have to compete with large offices and enterprises for which high rental costs are not a problem;
• The dense development of the city center creates difficulties for organizing a tourist destination - this means additional expenses for rent.

Museums that cannot afford rent in the city center also find a way out - they open in abandoned industrial and historical sites- factories, workshops, military hospitals, barracks, libraries, galleries, houses in which outstanding personalities lived.

If there is no money to rent or buy premises, exhibitions can be shown in other museums. They will take part of the profit for themselves, but will independently resolve all organizational issues.

Exhibits

The exhibitions of private museums are formed through:

• private collections;
• rental of individual exhibits or entire collections in other museums.

REFERENCE: The first museums in Russia were formed on the basis of private collections. Thus, the Hermitage, which appeared in 1764, was initially replenished only by private collections. For example, the famous Siberian collection of gold jewelry first belonged to Peter the Great and only in the second half of the 18th century was transferred from the Kunstkamera to the Hermitage, where it is still stored.

Recruitment

Personnel selection is an important and responsible moment. The staff is the face of the museum. The success or failure of this business depends on how well he performs his work.

To organize a museum you will need:

1. Guide. He must know the exhibitions perfectly, find connections between exhibits and understand the historical context of the finds. Ideally, this is a professional historian or museum worker. In addition, he must own foreign languages– to arrange excursions for foreign tourists.
2. Restorer. Most archaeological finds need to be restored. For example, ceramic dishes usually arrive at museums broken - they need to be restored. Only a professional restorer can do this.
3. Security guard. There is no point in opening a museum without proper security - it can quickly be robbed.
4. Cashier-accountant. In small museums, the position of accountant is usually assigned to the cashier. This allows you to save on staff costs.
5. Appraiser. Collections need to be replenished regularly. It is impossible to buy exhibits without a professional appraiser - there is a risk of overpaying or stumbling upon a fake.

Financial plan

Start-up investments and ongoing expenses

Initial investment:

• purchase or rental of premises – from 50 thousand rubles;
• purchase of furniture for exhibitions – 200 thousand rubles;
• purchase of equipment to support temperature and humidity conditions – 100 thousand rubles;
• payment of state duty – 800 rubles;
• advertising – 60 thousand rubles;
• employee salaries – 150 thousand rubles;
• purchase of exhibits – from 100 thousand rubles.

Income

The profitability of such an enterprise depends on:

• tourist attractiveness of the city;
• museum location;
• seasonality;
• presented exhibitions and public interest in them.

average cost entrance ticket- 200 rubles. Additional income is the services of a guide and paid permission to photograph exhibits.

Guide services – 1000 rubles. The fee for using the camera is 100 rubles.

Monthly earnings – 400 thousand rubles.

Profit calculation

Every month the income from the museum’s work is 400 thousand rubles. Taxes, utility bills, and salaries employees.

Net profit – 200 thousand rubles.

Payback – from 1 year.

Museum business is not a new, but still relevant type of entrepreneurial activity. Majority domestic museums were formed from private collections. You can still make money from this today. Exhibits can be purchased absolutely legally - without the fate of black archaeologists and other antiquity hunters.

According to market experts, private museums, due to their characteristics, form new format collecting and increases the audience of interested people. Depending on the direction, museums of private owners increase the investment attractiveness of a particular collectible item/theme. Under the concept " private museum » Most often, projects are those that have their own or rented areas with an exhibition, which includes thematic private collections and access to which is open to everyone for a fee. According to statistics, over the past decade there has been a significant increase in private museums. Europe, the USA and China are at the forefront in the world. Private museums in Russia actively cooperate with government programs, providing the latter with their exhibitions.

The reason for the increasing growth in the number of private museums lies in the fact that private projects can be more flexible in decision-making and can create mobile collections, some of which can be purchased at auctions with a worldwide reputation.

We remind you that state museums are prohibited by law from participating in auctions held in the West. Another undeniable advantage of a private museum is its right to sell part of its collection. At the same time, state museums are prohibited from selling even part of their assets. Private museums can quickly respond to fashion trends, sell old collections and acquire newer ones that are relevant to visitors. This right gives private projects timely updating of exhibitions and attracting larger number clients.

Market Features

Private museums essentially form the collections market themselves and monopolize the pricing process in certain niches. By attracting clients and displaying certain exhibits, private museums create demand and new elements of the target audience who are ready to buy the items they like. Museums-trendsetters (English Trendsetter; from English Trend - tendency, to set - to establish, start) become not only active participants in auctions, but also their founders and the main driving force.

Auctions benefit from such cooperation very much - a huge number of not just interested parties come to them, but entire institutions with developed potential and investment opportunities. In addition, it is worth emphasizing that participation in auctions is marked not only by excitement, but also by high cultural level and the scale of fees. The world art market is constantly being updated with the emergence of new and diverse private museums. Experts argue that the development of private museums in Russia will follow the Western scenario and over time will be able to strengthen and create its own distinctive features. So, basically a private museum gathers a board of trustees (investors), who ultimately unite into a fairly large resource. Current legislation strongly encourages this option developments of events.

Federal Law on the Export and Import of Cultural Property ( No. 435 “On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation in connection with the improvement government controlled in the field of export and import of cultural property and archival affairs" And No. 430 “On amendments to part two of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation” ) dated December 28, 2017, states that there are benefits that can only be used by state and municipal cultural institutions.

This law also applies to non-state museums ( clause 2 art. 333–34 Tax Code of the Russian Federation ).

In addition, items representing cultural value that were purchased or donated to private galleries will not be subject to VAT (clause 3 of Article 333–35 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), and private museums, according to the resolution of the President of the Russian Federation, are exempt from paying state duty for the right of temporary export, which gives them the opportunity to participate in international projects.

The director of the Hermitage, head of the Union of Museums of Russia, Mikhail Piotrovsky, notes that private collections are often very professional and compare favorably with academic classical museums, reflecting the individuality of their creator.

He also notes that " A museum, in our understanding, is an institution that has funds. If there are no funds, this is a gallery... " The specialist also speaks about the current trend in Russia towards the creation of a single museum zone, in which today there are three main types of museums: state, private and public. There is healthy competition in this space. Mikhail Piotrovsky names leisure and entertainment complexes among the direct competitors of private museums. Among the important components of success, the expert names the need to declare exhibits, preserve the country’s museum fund, and ensure the integrity of collections. Besides, financial resources, earned by the museum, should be spent on its immediate needs, and not deducted in favor of the state when subsidies are reduced cultural heritage nation.

The specialist emphasizes that modern museums in Russia need a special concept that will distinguish them from leisure and service industries.

Mikhail is convinced that “ our mission: to preserve, study and pass on everything we received from previous generations to the next. This is the main thing, not entertainment..." Art is a kind of therapy, and it should be offered by knowledgeable educated people. He names the Metropolitan Museum among the best private museums in Russia and emphasizes that it ideally combines the mission of the museum and its dialogue with the urban space and visitors.

State museums, unlike private ones, can take advantage of a number of tax benefits and receive certain support from the state.

At the same time, private projects should not draw up such a document as an agreement on the immunity of their paintings from seizures imposed by legal claims. The specialist notes that a similar problem is observed in the organization of exhibitions in the United States, whose representatives are nevertheless free to bring their exhibits for display in Russian cities.

The best way to develop the industry will be close cooperation between private and state museums– thus, a single museum space will have the opportunity and potential for expansion and diversity.

It could be:

• Publishing literature on art history topics.
• Exchange of experiences of curators.
• Development of infrastructure of small towns and even villages.

What information should a business plan contain?

Summary of a business plan for opening a museum from scratch

This project is a plan for creating a private enterprise to organize a museum in 24 months. First of all, we list the key points in the process of creating a business plan for launching a private museum business plan from scratch.

First of all, the Idea of ​​the project arises, and the Goals of the project, such as:

1. Creation of an enterprise with high .
2. in a legal way, indicating the legal address, passport details of the head and founder of the project, information about employees.
3. Satisfying consumer demand to fill the niche of the art market in Russia.
4. Search and conclusion of agreements with investors.
5. Project cost: RUB 3,690,000.
6. Project financing: Carried out by obtaining a commercial loan in the amount of 3,690,000 rubles.
7. Payback period: 2 years.
8. The investor's income will be 237,385.22 rubles.
9. Interest payments on the loan begin from the first month of implementation of this project.
10. Repayment of borrowed funds begins from the first month of project implementation. This circumstance is introduced in this business plan to simplify the understanding of the structure of calculating the discounting flow and regulating cash flow.
11. The mortgaged interest rate on borrowed funds is 14%. It must be taken into account that banks are currently revising the interest rate for investment projects downward.
12. The total amount of accrued interest will be 237,385.22 rubles.
13. The payback period from the start of the project is 8 months.
14. Payback period taking into account discounting is 2 years.
15. The total economic effect from the implementation of the project for the conditional life cycle is RUB 73,783,840.85.

Project stages

Algorithms of action prescribed in the business plan

The business plan contains the following algorithms of actions for starting a business:

1. Ways and methods of analyzing the target audience, drawing up a portrait of the ideal client, his level of solvency.
2. Registration of business with state supervisory and tax authorities.
3. Hiring qualified employees who can fulfill the client's wishes and be ready to work. Another cost item is hiring employees. Specialists will fill vacant positions on a competitive basis, being general, service and temporary employees with decent competitive pay. Candidates for positions will be considered within 30 calendar days.
4. Services provided by the enterprise.
5. Choosing the format of the enterprise's work.

Museum Business Plan: Step-by-Step Guide

In private collections, exhibits collected from private collections are most often displayed. According to the Association of Private Museums, many private museums have grown into serious organizations from prefabricated collections that formed part of the exhibitions of certain major projects. Sometimes a room is needed for interactive museums to attract more visitors and monetary returns.

According to current legislation Russian Federation, you must register the museum as a form private property, and pay a single tax on activities. The main advantage of this type of business activity is the fact that opening a museum does not require purchasing or obtaining a license.

Entry to a private museum can be voluntary, but it is worth setting a lower limit of, for example, 50 rubles. Sales of souvenirs and information products on electronic media are also subject to tax.

Additional income can be obtained by renting out museum premises for excursions, master classes and entertainment events. Expensive rent will pay for itself only if there are a lot of visitors and they come constantly, so in order to open a private museum in your city, you must also enlist the support of travel agencies and tour operators - a visit to your project included in a ready-made tour by city of the Russian Federation for foreign tourists or residents of our country, will bring income to both the travel agency and your museum.

The main difference between a private museum and a state one is ownership rights and the presence of a charter. A cultural institution that has a documented museum fund and a plan for further development can formally be considered state-owned. The advantage of this type of activity is the opportunity to put your institution on the balance sheet of the municipality or city.

If the museum institution is completely private, then the owner will have to bear all expenses himself. You can register as individual, and the company. There is no need to report to departments, and all exhibits are in private collections, in other words, they belong to the owners. Some exhibits may be shown on thematic events, (example - “Museum of Little Stories” and “House of Drums”) sometimes the space itself becomes a museum - such as the White Tower in Yekaterinburg.

Today, during the change of generations, private museums and unusual spaces will become interesting to different age categories and citizens with different levels of income. Modern Museum is an interactive platform, a kind of creative laboratory that does not require silence and stiffness. For today's client, a museum is a space in which you can take an active part: touch the exhibits, try them on, take a photo with them. Good returns are shown to muses, where you can taste certain original dishes and watch educational videos.

The relevance of opening a museum business plan

A museum opened by private collectors has every chance of becoming a brand of its city, region, and country. Those private projects become part of the image of the urban space. Another difference between such projects and large government institutions is their emotionality, proximity to visitors, and dialogue with them.

In order for a private museum to generate stable income, a clear structure for planning the future project is necessary. The practice of existing museums shows that cheap tickets and extensive entertainment attract more visitors.

Advantages and disadvantages of business at the opening of a museum

1. Expensive rental premises. There are several ways to solve this gap. Sublease. Thus, some private museums rent out their space for 7,000 rubles per hour to burger joints and other catering establishments. Any other company that wishes can hold a promotional event at the museum. Additional income that will cover the cost of renting premises can also be generated by renting museum premises for commercial event projects. Proceeds from tickets to lectures/concerts are usually divided 50/50 between the organizers and participants of the event.
2. The profit of the museum is directly dependent on the income of the target audience and the rental interest rate, which can be legally reduced. Ticket sales show great returns in the museum premises itself. About 3% of visitors buy e-tickets and a little more than 5% of total profit brings the organization of corporate events, festivals and the sale of souvenirs. Most often, souvenir products are sold at cost and are produced/purchased to maintain the museum’s brand.
3. Before opening a museum in a particular city of the Russian Federation, it is necessary to carefully monitor the income of citizens - for example, if in the capital the price of entry to a private museum can vary from 300 to 1,500 rubles, then, for example, in Kazan the population simply does not have such income to attend an expensive event, no matter how interesting it may be.
4. Each private museum can receive a grant from the state if it proves the viability and relevance of the project.

Modern private museums are most often self-financing, since according to the budget code, city authorities have the right to allocate grants only for projects that are under their jurisdiction. City authorities in many regions of the Russian Federation note that recently the tendency for the emergence of mini-private museums has increased significantly. City mayors are ready to support private projects provided that the owners provide complete information about the functioning and development of start-ups and will confirm their usefulness for the city.

If private project museum belongs to the municipality, the authorities will assist in finding safe and cheap rental premises, or help reduce interest rates for payment of rent and utilities. The remaining projects will be supported by advertising and other means.

The process of including a private project in a museum collection may not be necessary if the project does not have exhibited artifacts. The most popular among the population today are the so-called “research centers”. At the same time, owners of private collections argue that placing them on state records only complicates the conduct of private cultural museum activities, imposes a number of restrictions, but does not protect against negative factors arising in the country’s economy.

A private museum without state registration can show a higher mobility rate. A private cultural institution has the right to draw up its own action plan, which does not necessarily need to be coordinated and approved by representatives of the Ministry of Culture. Experts emphasize that small private museums can quickly respond to any significant event of a cultural nature, what happened in the city and can quickly and efficiently make their proposals.

Services that a private museum can provide

1. Demonstration of exhibitions both permanent and mobile.
2. Organization and holding cultural events for city residents.
3. Production and sale of photo and video materials dedicated to museum events and exhibitions.
4. Sales of gifts and souvenirs.

A modern museum is distinguished by interactivity and the ability to dialogue with the viewer.

Estimated period for services provided by the museum, museum business plan

In order to fully implement the museum project, it is necessary

1. Take a loan in the amount of at least 3,690,000 rubles for 24 billing months with a discount rate of 14%.
2. Reaching the break-even level of the enterprise will begin from the 4th billing month. During this period, the first amount of profit, with the entrepreneur’s correct calculations, will be 607,041.87 rubles.
3. At the end of the lending period, the amount of profit will be 6,237,730.
4. rub. In this case, the bank’s profit will be 237,385.22 rubles. for 24 billing periods. Monthly payment of expenses amounted to 516,770 rubles.
5. The final gross profit of the project was: 112,574,000 rubles. The project profit amounted to: 73,783,840.85 rubles.

Project expenses (in rubles)

Advantages and disadvantages of opening a museum business plan project

1. The main advantage is that you do not need licensing documentation to carry out your activities. Approvals and permits are needed when drawing up a lease agreement and will relate to general requirements that are usually presented by the sanitary station and Roskomnadzor. WITH full list You can find similar documentation below.
2. A small private project is quite capable of doing without staff.
3. A startup owner’s possession of rare objects will increase attendance, and if the project owner can afford to purchase high-quality equipment and provide proper modern level interactivity, then the influx of customers on entry days and during the holiday season is guaranteed.

On video: Useful tips for aspiring businessmen from museum business owners

What you should pay attention to

• Rent of premises and its price, condition of structures.
• Seasonality of business.
• Skills and abilities that will help in compiling a collection and providing a technological base for a cultural institution.
• The concept of the establishments is the range of emotions that you want to give to your customers. So, this can be piquant entertainment for a certain circle of people - a museum of torture or erotica, or exhibitions for more wide range fans, including teenagers and young children.
• The concept of the museum may be the simplest - for example, businessman A. Sergienko nurtured the idea of ​​the project for about a year, and implemented it in a matter of months. The museum's website says that the institution has seven rooms, each dedicated to a specific emotion. Installations, art objects, sound and video tracks are selected in such a way as to guide a person through certain emotional states which we most often experience or, on the contrary, we lack them in Everyday life. For this, the author of the project had enough 200 sq. meters.

In tourist centers, reaching the break-even point is usually easier and faster. Tourists will be able to find your museum faster if you mark it on Google maps, hire competent SEOs to develop the site, and, if possible, appear in guidebooks and maps.

Documentation for opening a museum

Choosing a museum concept business plan

Typically, in order to open a museum, you need:

• Availability own apartment(if you are ready to open doors to numerous strangers).
• Separate premises owned or rented.
• Open air plot of land.
• The actual elements of the exhibition that you are going to demonstrate.

You can open a mixed museum or a mono-museum, in other words, united by one topic or dedicated to many topics that do not contradict one another.

According to experts, a good return is provided by the eclecticism of entertaining and educational components. The museum program may include a demonstration of a show, ordering color music, video materials, and presentations. The museum owner must also take care of the timely replenishment of the collection.

Most often, private museums work in the field of painting and artistic values ​​- clients can purchase the works they like. This includes galleries, passages that display paintings, photographic materials and installations. Additional fees for photography and videography will also generate net income for the museum.

What to choose to start: a virtual or regular museum?

How to open a private museum business plan in your city

In order to launch a museum project in your region, you need to carry out marketing research and monitor the activities of your direct and indirect competitors

Registration of an enterprise can be carried out in the form of an LLC, individual entrepreneur or non-profit association. A non-profit association is chosen by those businessmen who subsequently want to achieve national-cultural status and receive financial support from the state in the form of subsidies. Coordination with the Ministry of Culture is required if the exhibition will involve archaeological finds and exhibits of great material value. The premises are rented for a specific purpose, renting a land plot is necessary for a period of 20 years or more, so to organize this format of a museum it is better to purchase land plot into permanent ownership.

In order to save money, closed exhibitions are sometimes organized at production sites that can no longer be used for production (these are the territories of factories, workshops, etc.), but it is worth taking care of the safety of clients.

Additional expenses

• Purchase and installation of fire and security systems.
• Shelving made of glass or plexiglass.
• Showcases.
• Fasteners.
• Furniture for the convenience of clients (sofas, tables, chairs, armchairs).
• High quality lighting.
• Microclimate and ventilation system.
• If you plan to open interactive exhibition, expensive equipment will be required.
• Expenses will include the purchase of screens, audio systems, computer panels and much more.

Main taxes paid

Additional income for an entrepreneur can be brought by the launch of catering at the museum - for example, the “Apartment of Time” project offers not only a visit to the exhibition - an apartment completely stylized for a specific Soviet period, but also try dishes that are completely appropriate to the era and prepared in accordance with technological maps of that time, simply put, the chefs of the museum-restaurant use information from the “Book on Tasty and Healthy Food,” which was published in 1952.

You can spend a romantic evening, wedding, corporate event or birthday in the museum. It is also good to orient museums towards connecting generations and strengthening family values. So, an example is the Museum of Soviet Arcade Machines - children of 2000 are used to playing on smartphones, tablets and other gadgets, and when they see the excitement of their parents, they begin to understand that their parents are not as retarded as some children sometimes think. At the same time, not all teenagers can understand the fairly simple mechanics of Soviet-era machine guns, and here parents have to explain the intricacies of control to their children.

“The creation of a museum is necessary so that the younger generation has the opportunity to form a goal in life, ethical images of the present and future, and the ability of high-quality scientific and engineering thinking”, noted the authors of the concept of a museum dedicated to the life and work of the Strugatsky brothers.

In order for both staff and visitors to feel comfortable, the owner of a private museum needs to take care of the interior and exterior decoration of the premises. The design must meet not only basic safety requirements, but also be interesting to customers - both. Those who came as part of an excursion group, as well as during an independent visit.

According to preliminary estimates of experts, the format of the museum in the form of a scientific and entertainment center also satisfies the population’s need for educational and entertainment services. In such centers, the client can take part in experiments, observe rare phenomena, or even conduct a series of experiments on his own.

This museum format has two features

Firstly, most often the exhibits are made by hand, and this incurs additional serious costs, and secondly, it is necessary to find a reliable investor and a favorable location.

In order to choose an effective, profitable and capable of living and developing further museum concept, it is necessary to first carry out an analysis of the fullness of the market of a particular region of the Russian Federation.

Components of marketing research

1. Analysis of the problems of the target audience and study of its composition
2. Determining the composition of the future exhibition and the format of the exhibits, their size, color, shape, material, the quantitative composition of the placement of exhibits in a particular area.
3. Interior design of the exhibition.
4. The museum owner will receive additional income from creating a separate workshop area for children/teenagers.

Staff

It is better if these are people with work experience, or young specialists - teachers, guides and animators. Some museums focus on career guidance, and this also needs to be taken into account when recruiting staff. Regular employees must be registered in accordance with all legal norms, however, at the start of the project, you can hire volunteers who will gain experience for a small remuneration and without issuing work records.